This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: 00:01:45 1 Use
00:02:52 2 Comparison with literals and macros
00:06:41 3 Dynamically-valued constants
00:09:29 4 Constant function parameters
00:11:13 5 Object-oriented constants
00:12:38 5.1 Java
00:15:40 5.2 C#
00:16:38 6 By paradigm
00:19:11 7 Naming conventions
00:19:58 8 See also
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SUMMARY
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In computer programming, a constant is a value that cannot be altered by the program during normal execution, i.e., the value is constant. When associated with an identifier, a constant is said to be "named," although the terms "constant" and "named constant" are often used interchangeably. This is contrasted with a variable, which is an identifier with a value that can be changed during normal execution, i.e., the value is variable. Constants are useful for both programmers and compilers: for programmers they are a form of self-documenting code and allow reasoning about correctness; while for compilers they allow compile-time and
run-time checks that constancy assumptions are not violated, and allow or simplify some compiler optimizations.
There are various specific realizations of the general notion of a constant, with subtle distinctions that are often overlooked. The most significant are: compile-time (statically-valued) constants, run-time (dynamically-valued) constants, immutable objects, and constant types (const).
Typical examples of compile-time constants include mathematical constants, values from standards (here maximum transmission unit), or internal configuration values (here characters per line), such as these C examples:
Typical examples of run-time constants are values calculated based on inputs to a function, such as this C++ example:
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